Jane Austin’s Pride and Prejudice - 1216 Words

Jane Austin’s Pride and Prejudice Jane Austin was and English writer who wrote during the early 1800’s. She was born and brought up in Seventon, Hampshire, Southern England. She was born the fifth child to a family of seven and began writing for family amusement as a child. Of her â€Å"six great novels†, four were published anonymously and two were published under her signature after her death. Her anonymous novels were â€Å"Sense and Sensibility†, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice†, Mansfield Park† and â€Å"Emma†. â€Å"Persuasion† and â€Å"Northanger Abbey† were the two novels that were published after her death. â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† reflects the way society was in Jane Austin’s day. It uses the way the characters are introduced, the way she uses†¦show more content†¦But in the case of Pemberley she writes ‘It was a large, handsome stone building, standing well on rising ground, and backed by a ridge of high woody hills and in front of a stream of some natural importance was swelled into great†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. The contrast between the two descriptions in the eye of first impressions is great. Pemberley is described in much greater detail than the Parsonage and this could be of the two buildings situations or importance to Elizabeth who is gaining the first impressions of the two places. When Jane Austin uses dialogue, she always reflects on the mood and social standing of the character she is conversing. One good example of this is the conversations between Lady Catherine and Elizabeth. Elizabeth always talks to Lady Catherine with the greatest respect however Lady Catherine talks to Elizabeth as if she was a child, talking over her as of she wasn’t there. And when she was addressing her she was talking in simple terms as to ensure of the meaning of her words. Also in these conversations, Lady Catherine feels the need to be the main speaker rather than listening to what the person she is talking to has to say. Jane Austin portrays this when she writes, an the first conversation between Lady Catherine and Elizabeth where Lady Catherine starts the conversation; â€Å"Your father’s estate isShow MoreRelated Jane Austins Pride and Prejudice Essay1965 Words   |  8 PagesJane Austins Pride and Prejudice Attitudes to love and marriage in the nineteenth century was very different from the comparatively liberal approach of today, and strict codes of etiquette were applied to Courtship for all but the lower classes of society. At the time of Pride and Prejudice, womens role was firmly in the home and the young ladies portrayed in this middle and upper class, occupied themselves with singing, playing the piano, sewing and other such accomplishments thatRead MoreDiscourse Analysis of Jane Austins Pride And Prejudice1427 Words   |  6 Pagesbook progresses, bring about a new implied epithet of humble and accepting. Benveniste refers to the use of pronouns as bringing ones ego into reality through the othering of people. The culture of politeness at the time that Jane Austin wrote Pride and Prejudice dictated that a person had to be far more subtle in their approach to, amongst others, insults. This was predominantly done through the change in indexicals, in the same manner we as the reader are able to pick up on the transitionRead MoreJane Austins Pride and Prejudice: A Famous Work of Englands Regency Period 1636 Words   |  7 Pagestook place in the early 1800’s and was a time of much elegance and aristocracy. Movies and books set in this time period all seem to highlight the elegance and romance that was prevalent at the time. Famous Regency Era literary works, such as Pride and Prejudice, portra y young English women getting their happily-ever-after endings with their true loves. Unfortunately, such endings did not actually happen to real women of the era because they lived very austere and vapid lives. They hardly had a choiceRead MoreEssay on Jane Austin and Pride Prejudice1457 Words   |  6 PagesJane Austin is currently known today as one of the women who first developed the ideas related to feminism (Abrams). Jane’s work became prevalent in English literature during time of transition from neo-classicism to romanticism (Abrams). She was influenced by a number of other literary figures of her time, and by the society in which she lived. Her writing sometimes reflected earlier writers, whom she sometimes mocked because they always portrayed a perfect world in their writing and the world wasRead More Pride and Prejudice Essay: First Impressions527 Words   |  3 PagesFirst Impressions in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   First impressions are very important in Jane Austins Pride and Prejudice. As the story develops, we discover how the prejudices and first impressions of each of the main characters change. The primary focus is on the character of Elizabeth Bennet.    Elizabeths judgments about other characters dispositions are accurate about half of the time.   While she is correct about Mr. Collins and how absurdly self-serving he is and about Lady CatherineRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1152 Words   |  5 PagesIn Regency England, the gentlemen played a crucial role in everyday society as demonstrated by some of the key characters in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. The character Mr. Bingley could be considered gentlemen because of his manners, and the way he treats others. Mr. Darcy was not a gentleman to start, but changed by the end of the story, while the character of Mr. Wickham shows no resemblance to gentlemen at all. The title of gentlemen had a lot of rules and responsibilities that had toRead MoreEssay on Jane Austens Middle-class Female987 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austens Middle-Class Female Jane Austin insightfully portrays the class mentalities of the middle and upper classes during the early nineteenth century in her novel Pride and Prejudice. Society then was overly preoccupied with the distinction of classes, and with these shameless distinctions there existed an obvious hierarchy that governed peoples behavior and obligations to their respective societies. Austens story focuses on Elizabeth Bennet and her family, who are well-to-do membersRead More Flattery in Pride and Prejudice Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesFlattery in Pride and Prejudice Since its composition in 1797, Jane Austins Pride and Prejudice has enjoyed two centuries of literary esteem not because of its witty dialogue or its tantalizing plot, but because of its universal themes that allow modern readers to identify with early Victorian life. Although the novel focuses on the etiquette of courtship, related social rituals are also prevalent throughout the story. William Collins, a rectorRead MoreAnalysis of Chapter 11 of Pride and Prejudice Essay786 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 11 of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen opens with two lines from the third person, or omniscient narrator, who is focalizing through Elizabeth Bennett. Focalizing, meaning that it is the narrators voice that speaks, but we see through the eyes of the characters, gives us the chance to understand the characters without direct dialogue. By telling us that Elizabeth was growing more angry but trying to compose herself (Pride and Prejudice, p148) you start to understand that somethingRead MorePride and Prejudice by Jane Austin Vs. Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte902 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom Pride Prejudice by Jane Austin, can be seen as a different role model when compared to Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte. Both novels have a similar background but with a different twist. Austin’s description of writing is seen to be related to a more realistic and satire approach, whereas Bronte’s style seems to be a bit gothic. Furthermore, both novels have a romantic presentation of two very unique genders that fall deeply in love with one another. Pride Prejudice starts

The Road Not Taken Analysis - 1280 Words

The Road Not Taken As I read and analyzed this poem I became aware that it is indeed a great poem and that the reader must dig deep in order to find the true message of the poem. Careful readers shall not be tricked. The Basic Subject of the Poem The poem starts off with the title â€Å"The Road Not Taken.† At first sight this title could be used as foreshadow that the following poem will be about making a mistake, not making the right choice (not taking the right road) therefore establishing a gloomy, mournful tone. It promises that the poem will be about a road not taken or the road that the author does take â€Å"because it was grassy and wanted wear.† Another possible foreshadow of the title is that in the poem it does not matter which†¦show more content†¦The same first line of the poem is repeated in the last stanza as well â€Å"Two roads diverged in a wood.† Not word by word but it’s still showing that the author is at point zero; still. *Big Metaphor: Fork stands for all the crisis and decisions to make in a lifetime. Format of the Poem and Word Choice This poem consists of four stanzas of five lines each. There is also a rhyming pattern that can be described as ABAAB. All the rhymes are strict and masculine except for that peculiar last line. This rhyming patter adds to the fluency in which the poem in read out loud and, in my opinion, it makes an emphasis on all the â€Å"B† rhymes of each stanza which have the more significance to the poem. The poem is written in tetrameters. Difference in stressed and unstressed syllables in the poem not only do they contribute to the main meaning of the poem but they also add a dramatic effect on the poem; taking longer or shorter periods of time on a specific syllable. Don’t ask me how the syllables work out in the poem. As specific words are being emphasized, the gloomy, mournful mood builds up throughout the poem. This is to a certain point in which the poem clearly becomes ironic and not mournful and gloomy; otherwise the poem would be called â€Å"The Road Less Travelled.à ¢â‚¬  It is a simple irony, â€Å"I took the one less travelled by and that has made all the difference.† Beautiful build up by Robert Frost by using rhyme and metrics. Oddly enough the last word ends with theShow MoreRelatedThe Road Not Taken Analysis987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Road Not Taken Analysis The Road Not Taken is a poem written by Robert Frost. This poem is a great candidate to be one of the world s best and this analysis will unveil why it is so. The poetic devices used in the poem bring forth its deeper meaning which ultimately resonates with the reader s emotions. However not only this poem is great because of the literary experience it gives but it is also beautiful on a simple structural level. First lets look at the structural aspectRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 808 Words   |  4 PagesApril 25, 2016 Poetry Analysis â€Å"I shall be telling this with a sigh/Somewhere ages and ages hence:/Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--/I took the one less traveled by†¦Ã¢â‚¬  these are famous lines from a classic poem written by Robert Frost. The poem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken† was one of many poems written by Frost. This well-known poem is about the struggle of a traveler decision between two routes he could take. It has both literal and metaphorical meaning; the roads can also symbolize twoRead MoreThe Road Not Taken Analysis Essays5699 Words   |  23 PagesThe Road Not Taken Analysis Author: Poetry of Robert Frost | | Mountain Interval1916Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally lay Read MoreAnalysis of Frosts The Road Not Taken717 Words   |  3 PagesThe Road Not Taken The Road Not Taken (1916) is one of Robert Frosts most famous poems in which he presents the personal conflicts that he may have had to overcome throughout his lifetime to get to where he is. Frost is able to gain insight and inspiration from the natural surroundings that have helped to guide him and shape who he is. In the poem, the narrator is traveling down a road when he comes upon two roads diverged in a yellow wood (Frost, 1916, 1). It can be argued the road heRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 849 Words   |  4 Pageswill have to be made, and the outcome can sometimes be life-changing. When making a conscientious decision, one commits oneself to follow the right path. This fate presents itself in Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† poem, and is present in the poetic piece of Blanche Farley’s â€Å"The Lover Not Taken.† A large percentage of the stanzas in each poem harmonize each other, and they both use similar words. For example, in the first stanza of each poem and be one traveler, long I stood (Frost), and andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 1191 Words   |  5 Pages The poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is about how the author himself has come to a split in a path while walking in the woods without a map. Th e season is fall, and the leaves are turning red and yellow. He isn’t sure which way he should go, and he wishes he didn’t have to choose and could go both ways. He looks down one path as far as he can see, but he then decides to take the other. The path he decides to take is not quite as worn as the other one, the leaves are freshly fallen with no foot prints orRead MoreAnalysis Of The Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe analysis of â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost has been up for debate since the poem release in 1916. It is known to be one of the most frequently misinterpreted poems of all time, and even Robert Frost himself has said the poem is â€Å"tricky† to comprehend (The). When analyzing this poem many readers tend to focus only on the last lines of the poem and get caught in a trap of selective-interpretation. Quite a few people after reading Robert Frost’s poem firmly conclude that this poem is aboutRead MoreAn Analysis of Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken1800 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Introduction Robert Frost is one of the best known poets in American history, and his poem, The Road Not Taken is among the most well-known of all his poems. Frost places a great deal of emphasis on nature in his writing, as he was a lover of the countryside. He based many of his poems on the New England scenery, which was his home for most of his life. I chose this particular poem because I have enjoyed the readings we have done so far of his work and The RoadRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost Analysis1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, is a poem that has many meanings depending on the reader. The poem was published in 1916 and it is a very interesting poem. It’s a fairly short poem consisting of only 20 lines, and it is full of metaphors and imagery and it has many ways that it can be interpreted. The poem’s use of imagery leaves the reader trying to figure out what Frost meant when he wrote the poem. Since it is a poem, i t generally has no correct way to interpret it, but it usuallyRead MoreThe Road Not Taken by Robert Frost: An Analysis811 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Introduction On the surface of it, The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost presents a narrator who is remembering a journey through the woods, and the person making this journey came into a position where two roads were diverging. So the challenge presented in the poem is, which road should the narrator take, and why? Frost claimed that his poem was a parody of a poem by his friend, poet Edward Thomas, but others have had very different explanations for The Road Not

Fear of the Unknown Lord of the Flies Essay free essay sample

Fear of the Unknown Lord of the Flies By: Sam Baldwin 2012-05-22 Ms. Reis ENG30S Fear is one of the most powerful emotions that control the way any human being acts in certain circumstances. A distressing emotion aroused by impending evil and pain, whether the threat is real or imagined is described as fear. One of many prominent themes in William Goldings novel, the Lord of the Flies, is Fear of the unknown. From the beginning of the novel, the boys fear what they cannot see, the parts of the island they haven’t explored, the mysterious beast, and of course, though they may not realize it at first, they fear the damage they may do to one another. All of these have some â€Å"unknown† element to them; they can’t see in the dark, they don’t know what’s on the island, they’re unsure of what the beast really is, and they’re ignorant of the depths of their own violent capabilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Fear of the Unknown Lord of the Flies Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this novel, the boys become more savage because they fear the unknown; which is the root of the trouble that is caused on the island. The Beast isnt any physical character, Golding uses the beast as a symbol of the evil that exists in all the boys. Before the boys arrived, the island was pure and clean. However, the boys brought evil to it, and with this evil there was destruction. The boys own irrational fears and blind terrors, release the forces of death and the devil on the island. This fearsome beast initially takes form in their imaginations as a snake-type animal that disguises itself as jungle vines; later, they consider the possibility of a creature that rises from the sea or the more vague entity of a ghost. When they spot the dead paratrooper who has landed on the mountain, the boys feel sure that they have proof of a beasts existence. In fact a beast does roam the island, but not in the form the boys imagine. By the second chapter, fear has worked its way into their society. Johnny says that there is a beast, hearing that â€Å"Ralph laughed, and the other boys laughed with him. The small boy twisted further into himself. † (Page 35). No one really believes him, but the littluns. They think the beastie comes in the dark to get them. The littluns fear of the unknown creature that is much greater when they can’t see it. Ralph, Jack, and Piggy try to tell the littluns â€Å"There isn’t a beastie! † (Page 36) multiple times, but the littluns dont believe him. From this moment on, the smallest of the boys begin to have bad dreams and are scared to go near the jungle. In this sense, the jungle represents the darkness, because it is an unknown place, with little light, where there is the possibility of infinite horrors, including death. The jungle, is surrounded by the fear. If the boys were to walk on the beach, they might somehow forget about the beastie, but the moment they come to the jungle entrance, the fear attacks them. It nibbles at their mind, and increases their imagination of what is beyond the darkness. Several examples are in the book, for instance, none of the little boys want to go near the jungle to gather dry wood, so they settle for wet, rotting wood instead. Their fear of the unknown is evident in the quote, â€Å"Daddy said they havent found all the animals in the sea yet† (Page 88). This quote is not only evidence of fear but is also symbolic, â€Å"animals† referring to the beast and â€Å"the sea† referring to the unknown. In fear of the unknown, the boys fuel their own savagery and as a result, the â€Å"beast† within them grows. As the beast grows, so does the boys’ fear of it, a cycle of fear and savagery is now apparent. Jack provides more insight into the beasts identity when he asserts that The beast is a hunter, unwittingly implicating himself as part of the problem, a source of the boys fears. His lust for power and authority causes him to commit and encourage savage acts against his own kind — an accurate measure of his depravity. Sitting in front of his tribe, Power . . . chattered in his ear like an ape. The figurative devil on his shoulder is his own animalism, looking to master other creatures. Through this, it is clear why the boys were unable to destroy the beast, an endless cycle of fear and savagery preventing them from seeing the truth, the beast being the boys themselves. Through all the fear and savagery, one boy saw through it all, and began to speculate as to what the beast really was, this boy being Simon. As the idea of a beast arises, the tribe becomes chaotic. Simon however, a persona of neither savagery nor civilisation, questions the existence of a beast. â€Å"Maybe there is a beast aybe it’s only us† as quoted by Simon, shows that he believes that there is a beast, but not the same beast everyone else has in mind. Instead, Simon, unaffected by the fear, believes that the beast is within each boy. Later on in the book, Simon’s speculations are proven true, as in a vision, he sees the Lord of the Flies who confirms that You knew, didnt you? Im part of you? Close, close, close! Im the reason why its no go? Why things are what they are? (Page 143). Simon also discovers the supposed beast is just a human being. Certain of this, Simon runs towards the tribe in order to tell them the truth. Fearful however, the boys see him as the beast and kill him and their only way of destroying the beast. From this, it is evident that the boys could not destroy the â€Å"beast† as they had killed the only boy who knew the truth. â€Å"Which is better- to be a pack of painted Indians like you are, or to be sensible like ralph is? Which is better – to have rules and agree, or to hunt and kill? Which is better, law and rescue, or hunting and breaking thins up? †(Page 180) Piggy tried to reason for the last time with Jack and the group of savages before they killed him. Simon and Piggy are now dead- murdered by the group of savages. There is no reasoning or logic left, only hope in Ralph as the savages prepare to hunt him down. As night time fell, Ralph made his way back to Castle Rock to find Samneric only to be warned by them that â€Å"Roger sharpened a stick at both ends† (Page 190). Not knowing the meaning and what’s going to come tomorrow Ralph fears the â€Å"unknown† of what lies ahead. â€Å"They were all running, all crying out madly† (Golding, Page 199) as the savages chased Ralph. ‘He forgot his wounds, his hunger and thirst, and became fear: hopeless fear on flying feet, rushing through the forest toward the open beach. (Golding, Page 200) Ralph stood on the beach face to face with a naval officer â€Å"behind him the whole island was shuddering with flame† (Golding, Page 201). The fear acts as a barrier, which unavoidably brings forth their downfall, with the two most intelligent characters on the Island, being Piggy, a representation of science and intellec t in the society , and Simon, the spiritual and understanding sector, both dying as a result, of fear in the beast/ unknown. This fear breaks down any form of society, and hence, brings disaster to a paradoxical Coral Island.

Russia free essay sample

Russia is one of the largest states in the universe. Its entire country is over 17 million square kilometers. It is situated both in Europe and in Asia. There are different types of clime on its district. It is really cold in the North even in summer, and really warm in the South even in winter. There are many rivers in Russia, the longest are the Volga and the Yenisei and the Ob . The population of Russia is about 150 million people. The capital of our state is Moscow. As for the political system, Russia is a federal democracy. The legislative organic structure of the state is State Duma and the executive organic structure is a Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister. The president is the caput of the province and the authorities. He is elected every four old ages. Large alterations in political and economical life have happened in Russia during last old ages. We will write a custom essay sample on Russia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Our state is involved in the complicated procedure of formation of wholly new dealingss in international and domestic life. First the political life has been changed. For the first clip since 1917 we have started the concept ion of democratic society, the rectification of all errors made by the Communist government for 70 old ages. The most hard thing is the alter-nation of people s outlook. As now there is no such impression like â€Å"capitalism is the socialism s enemy† usual for the consciousness of many coevalss of former Soviet citizens. The alterations in the domain of economic system are being done with great troubles. Almost all the connexions between the democracies of the former USSR have been broken. The formation of the new economic system is a really long procedure of creative activity of new economic connexions with interior and foreign spouses. The political aspirations of many states of the former USSR and difficult rising prices processes in the state are the existent obstructions on the manner to the new economic system. But in malice of all these facts we should state, that Russia is traveling in front. This can be proved, for illustration, by the attitude to our state in the universe, by the first democratic elections of the President of Russia. This event became the great landmark in the history of the renewed Russian province. We believe in the great hereafter of Russia.

Labor Discrimination in US Economy

Table of Contents Research Methods and Techniques Research Findings Interpretations of the Findings Biasness Recommendations Evidence for Wage Discrimination Works Cited Bertrand and Mullainathan conducted a research on labor discrimination in the US economy. The objective of the researchers was to determine the relationship between racial discrimination and the rate of employment in the US economy. Thus the main question that they tried to address was, â€Å"what is the influence of race in determining the chances of getting a job in the US labor market?†Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Labor Discrimination in US Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research on the employment trends in the US labor market reveals a high level of racial inequality (Bertrand and Mullainathan 991). Members of different races have different opportunities of getting employed. Job applicants of White origin have a bette r chance of getting jobs as compared to African-Americans. The Whites were found â€Å"to be twice unlikely to be unemployed as compared to African-Americans† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 992). The research findings also indicate that African-Americans were â€Å"paid 25% less on average when they are employed in various job categories† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 992). The findings were consistent across all industries. Consequently, various stakeholders in the industry are interested in finding out the causes of the huge gap in employment between the Whites and the African-Americans in the market. It is against this backdrop that the researches investigated the effect of race in determining the chances of getting employed. The findings will help in formulating labor laws that can help in ensuring equality in the market. Equality will lead to efficiency in the market by enhancing perfect mobility of labor. Research Methods and Techniques The researchers used field experi ments to study the research question (Bertrand and Mullainathan 993). The field experiment involved correspondence testing (Bertrand and Mullainathan 993). This means that the researches were interested in finding out the rate at which the employers responded to the resumes that were sent by different races in response to job adverts. Thus the callback rate was the main variable that was measured in the study. The research was done in Chicago and Boston (Bertrand and Mullainathan 993). The research was designed as follows. The researchers prepared several resumes and assigned names to them randomly. Half of the resumes had African-America names and the other half had names that are associated with Whites. The use of different names was meant to â€Å"manipulate the perceived race† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 994). The fictitious resumes were then sent in response to various job adverts in Chicago and Boston (Bertrand and Mullainathan 994). The researchers prepared over five th ousand resumes and responded to over one thousand three hundred job adverts (Bertrand and Mullainathan 994).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The large number of resumes helped in improving the accuracy of the findings since a large sample size is more representative. The resumes were divided into two categories namely, the high-quality and the low-quality resumes. The high-quality resumes were associated with applicants with high qualifications while low-quality resumes were associated with applicants who had low qualification. The high-quality and low-quality resumes were assigned an equal number of names for Whites and African-Americans. The feedbacks that were received in relation to the applications served as the primary data for the research. The data was statistically analyzed and was used to investigate the relationship between race and the chances of getting a job in Boston and Chicago. Research Findings The findings of the research were as follows. There was a great difference in the number of callbacks that were received for the resumes that had various racial names. The applicants that were associated with Whites’ names received one call for every ten resumes that they sent (Bertrand and Mullainathan 995). Those who had African-Americans’ names received one call for every fifteen resumes that they sent. This indicated a 50% gap in the number of calls that were received by the various races. â€Å"The difference was found to be statistically significant† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 995). The research also reveals that race influenced the way employers rewarded the applicants for having better resumes. Whites who had high-quality resumes were able to increase their chances of getting a job by 30 % as compared to the Whites whose resumes were of low-quality (Bertrand and Mullainathan 995). However, for the African-Americans possessing a high-quality resume did not significantly increase the chances of getting a job as compared to African-Americans who had low-quality resumes. This means that the skills that were possessed by the African-Americans had little effect in improving their chances of being employed. Employers preferred to hire White applicants who lived in â€Å"wealthy neighborhoods or neighborhoods that were associated with high levels of education† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 996). However, the African-Americans who lived in the same neighborhood (wealthy) did not have a better chance of being employed as compared to their colleagues who lived in low-class neighborhoods. There was no correlation between the racial gaps that existed in various industry and the census-based racial gaps (Bertrand and Mullainathan 996). The racial gaps as measured by callback rates were â€Å"statically significant in all industries and job categories that were covered in the research† (Bertrand a nd Mullainathan 996).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Labor Discrimination in US Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the context of taste theory of discrimination, the researchers explained that their findings indicated that the employers preferred to employ Whites as compared to African-Americans. This means that the employers associated the Whites with superior qualities as compared to the African-Americans. The employers’ preference for the Whites was based on the perception that Whites are a better race as compared to African-Americans. This explains why the possession of high-quality resumes did not improve the chances of getting a job among the African-Americans. In the context of statistical discrimination theory, the employers associated the Whites with high productivity as compared to the African-Americans. Since the employers are not risk takers they prefer to employ Whites who will guar antee them high productivity in exchange of high wage rates. This explains the difference in the wage rate between Whites and the African-Americans. Interpretations of the Findings The resumes that were assigned names that are associated with Whites had a chance of 9.65% of getting a callback (Bertrand and Mullainathan 997). Resumes that had similar qualifications but had names that are associated with African-Americans had 6.5% chance of getting a callback. This indicates a 50% difference in the callback rate (Bertrand and Mullainathan 997). The difference was considered to be statistically significant (Bertrand and Mullainathan 997). The Whites who possessed high-quality resumes were able to increase their chances of getting a job by 27%. On the other hand, the African-Americans who possessed high-quality resumes were able to increase their chances of getting a job by only 6.7%. This difference was also found to be statistically significant. Thus they concluded that race was used as a discrimination factor in employment. Biasness The authors were unbiased due to the following reasons. First, the number of resumes that had names that are associated with Whites was equal to the number of those that had names that are associated with African-Americans. This means that both races had an equal opportunity of being employed. Second, the sample size was large enough to represent the population. Thus the conclusions that were made using the research’s findings are unbiased. Finally, the researchers took into account the effects of demographic factors such as sex, age and residential areas (Bertrand and Mullainathan 1000). Recommendations The conclusion that employers â€Å"inferred social class from names† (Bertrand and Mullainathan 997), was based on opinion rather than empirical evidence. The researchers did not use primary data to statistically investigate the relationship between names and employers’ perception of social classes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their conclusion was based on the belief that African-Americans belong to the lower social class in the society. The conclusion also contradicts the fact that living in wealthier neighborhoods did not increase the chances of getting jobs among the African-Americans. Therefore, the researchers should have conducted an investigation in order to determine the relationship between the names and the employers’ perception of social class. For example, interviews or surveys could have been used to obtain information concerning employers’ perception of social class and how it affected their choice of employees. Evidence for Wage Discrimination The findings of the research are consistent with the trends in the US labor market. It is evident that the Whites are paid better as compared to African-Americans who possess the same level of qualification. Employees from the two races are usually paid different wages even if they work in the same position. The research indicated that t he African-Americans did not improve their chances of getting a job by possessing a high-quality resume (Bertrand and Mullainathan 997). This confirms the fact that race plays an important role in determining the chances of getting a job in the US labor market. Works Cited Bertrand, Marianne and Sendhil Mullainathan. â€Å"Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? a field experiment on labor market discrimination.† American Economic Review, 94 (2004): 991-1013. This essay on Labor Discrimination in US Economy was written and submitted by user Emily Stevens to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Hidden Wars Of Desert Storm

Hidden Wars Of Desert Storm â€Å"Oil is too important to us to allow the Arabs to control† a statement made by Henry Kissinger, Secretary Of State during President Fords Administration. It is a phrase that would be the hidden agenda behind the invasion of Iraq, which led to the Gulf War. Our so called great Democracy and Country has bullied its way to the top of the world economy by exploiting other races and Countries from robbing Native Americans of their land to enslaving Africans and now to stealing Iraq oil all in the name of God and spreading ‘democracy’. In 1991 Iraq invaded Kuwait under the assumption that America would not interfere with the invasion given recent statements at that time by White house representatives, but unknown to Sadams regime and most of the World at that time America had systematically found a way to plot the seed of evil between the two countries and had employed plans on how to counter attack Iraq after the invasion of Kuwait, which would give them a legitimate reason to attack Iraq. Saddam Hussein was made out to be a trigger-happy ruthless dictator by the U.S government with the help of mass media. The American public was led to believe that Saddam Hussein was planning to rule over all the oil in the middle east and spread his terror around the world, which was much like the mind games used on the American public in the 1960’s during the Vietnam war in regard to the Domino effect, and they would be doing a great deal of good by getting rid of this evil dictator who was even using his weapons on his own people. The irony of the story though is that Saddam Hussein was supplied these weapons by America during the Iraq- Iran war and only became a threat to American National Security when he decided to Nationalize his countries oil. Stealing Iraq’s oil was not the only hidden agenda behind the gulf war, American defense contractors and other private arms companies profited immensely from t... Free Essays on Hidden Wars Of Desert Storm Free Essays on Hidden Wars Of Desert Storm Hidden Wars Of Desert Storm â€Å"Oil is too important to us to allow the Arabs to control† a statement made by Henry Kissinger, Secretary Of State during President Fords Administration. It is a phrase that would be the hidden agenda behind the invasion of Iraq, which led to the Gulf War. Our so called great Democracy and Country has bullied its way to the top of the world economy by exploiting other races and Countries from robbing Native Americans of their land to enslaving Africans and now to stealing Iraq oil all in the name of God and spreading ‘democracy’. In 1991 Iraq invaded Kuwait under the assumption that America would not interfere with the invasion given recent statements at that time by White house representatives, but unknown to Sadams regime and most of the World at that time America had systematically found a way to plot the seed of evil between the two countries and had employed plans on how to counter attack Iraq after the invasion of Kuwait, which would give them a legitimate reason to attack Iraq. Saddam Hussein was made out to be a trigger-happy ruthless dictator by the U.S government with the help of mass media. The American public was led to believe that Saddam Hussein was planning to rule over all the oil in the middle east and spread his terror around the world, which was much like the mind games used on the American public in the 1960’s during the Vietnam war in regard to the Domino effect, and they would be doing a great deal of good by getting rid of this evil dictator who was even using his weapons on his own people. The irony of the story though is that Saddam Hussein was supplied these weapons by America during the Iraq- Iran war and only became a threat to American National Security when he decided to Nationalize his countries oil. Stealing Iraq’s oil was not the only hidden agenda behind the gulf war, American defense contractors and other private arms companies profited immensely from t...

Should football managers be sacked when results (on the field) are Essay - 1

Should football managers be sacked when results (on the field) are poor What does your answer tell you about how we should - Essay Example The models influence two different leadership succession theories that will come in handy in the discussion of the subject matter. The two leadership succession theories are vicious cycle theory and common sense theory. The two theories give different relationship of leadership succession and performance of the organization thereby providing the basis for and sacking unsuccessful managers. The integration provides great context to explain the effect of leadership succession. The common sense theory holds that the performance of an organisation will improve when an organization sacks an unsuccessful leader. This indicates that the managers are hired to control the performance of a firm and hence are responsible for good performance. According to the resource dependence theory, the manager has control over the performance of the organisation since he has the ability to start or terminate actions at his discretion. The managers bring on board resources, information and legitimacy. This results if the organization sacks a manager with poor results and hires one with the right mix of resources, the performance will improve. This therefore roots for the sacking of the manager since he is to blame for the organization’s poor performance and hire a manager who has the right mix of resources to spur good performance in the subsequent time period. This thus provides the basis for sacking unsuccessful managers (Soebbing & Washington 2011). The other leadership succession theory is the vicious cycle theory, whose underlying support is organizational learning. The vicious cycle holds that succession in leadership naturally disrupts the organization leading to poor performance. Organization learning provides that for an organization to improve its performance there should be strategic renewal, which focuses on the whole organization not just the managers. The model disregards that managers are an important component, which determine how well the organization is run an d how well information diffused to the lower offices and employees. Organization learning holds that when a poorly performing leader is sacked the performance of the team becomes even poorer. This thus supports the vicious theory that poor performance in an organization leads to organizational change but lower performance is a result of change (Soebbing & Washington 2011). This paper will not use institutional theory in arguing the subject matter at hand since it supports the ritual scapegoat theory. The ritual scapegoat theory holds that there is no relationship between leadership succession in an organization and the performance of the organization. From this perspective the leader is only a symbol and does not influence the performance of the organization. This promotes that change is undertaken to promote social constructs, therefore going contrary to the main market consideration that change is undertaken in the search for performance gains. A non-performing manager should be s acked since a new manager spurs immediate short-term reprieve. Of nine studies scrutinizing six countries that included England and Spain, showed that replacing a poorly performing manager does improve the on-field performance of the club. This leads to increase in the club’s short-term performance when a new manager is appointed. The sacking is usually based